Wilhelm, M. and Bir, C.A.  Injuries to Law Enforcement Officers: The Backface Signature Injury. Forensic Science International.  Publication Accepted.

Bir, CA, Stewart, S, Wilhelm, M. (2005). “Skin Penetration Assessment of Less Lethal Kinetic Energy Munitions,” J Forensic Sci, 50(6): 1426-29.
Read the Abstract

Wilhelm, M., and Bir, C.A. (2003).  Upper Torso Injuries to Female Law Enforcement Personnel Due to Firearm Assaults.  Proceedings of the NATO AVT/HFM Specialists’ Meeting, Koblenz, Germany. NATO Technical Report RTO-MP-AVT-097.

Lewis, E.A., Johnson, C.P., Bir, C.A., M. Wilhelm, et al. (2004). An investigation to confirm the existence of "pencilling" as a non-penetrating behind armour injury.   Proceedings of the PASS 2004 Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, August 2004.

Wilhelm, M., and Bir, C.A. (2004).  Female Body Armor Assessment: Current Methods and Future Techniques.  Proceedings of the PASS 2004 Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, August 2004.

Bir, C.A., Barbir, A., Wilhelm, M., van der Horst, M., Dosquet, F., and G. Wolfe. (2006).  Validation of Lower Limb Surrogates as Injury Assessment Tools in Floor Impacts due to Anti-Vehicular Land Mines.  Proceedings of the International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Impact (IRCOBI) 2006 Conference, Madrid, Spain, September 20-22, 2006.

Sherman, D., Wilhelm, M. and Bir, C.A. (2001).  Accuracy Assessment of 12 Gauge Kinetic Energy Rounds.  The Third Annual Non-lethal Technology and Research Symposium, Portsmouth, NH, November 2001 – Poster.

Barbir, A., Bir, C., Wilhelm, M., and G. Wolfe. (2005). Lower Limb Surrogates As Injury Assessment Tools In Floor Impacts Due To AV Landmine Explosions.  Poster presentation at the Biomedical Engineering Society Annual Conference, Baltimore, MD, September 2005.

Wilhelm, M., and Bir, C.A. (2006).  Comparison of Male and Female Blunt Ballistic Impacts.  Proceedings of the 5^th World Congress of Biomechanics, Munich, Germany, July 30-August 4, 2006.

Wilhelm, M. (2003).  A Biomechanical Assessment of Female Body Armor.  Dissertation. Wayne State University, Detroit.
Read the Abstract